Woven pile fabric.



M. J. WHITTALL.

WOVEN PILB FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED mm; 26.1902.

t 1; 2 R H fl I? ii I? w P P I 0 0 viii-1.2595628; I? W V .CUW 'kiggM P MATTHEW J. WHITTALL, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOVEN PILE FABRIC.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16, 1906.

Application filed June 26, 1902. Serial N0- 113,290-

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MATTHEW J. WHITTA'LL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Woven Pile Fabric, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of pile fabrics in which the surface of the fabric is formed'by a number of figuring-warps woven over pile-wires, the design being shown by the selection or calling up of the properlycolored figuring-warps. In this class of fabrics are Brussels and Wilton carpets.

The especial object of this invention is to improve this class of pile fabrics by providing a construction in which the piles are more securely fastened or tied than in previous forms of pile fabrics and in which the successivelycalled figuring-warps will be shown at the back of the fabric, so as to substantially reproduce the design of the fabric at the back thereof.

To these ends this invention consists of a further carrying out of the invention shown, described, and claimed in my application for a United States patent on a woven pile fabric, filed June 26, 1902, Serial No. 113,289.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing both the front and back of a piece of carpet or other pile fabric embodying this invention. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrate successive steps in weaving a pile fabric according to this invention. Figs. 6, 7., 8, and 9 are diagrammatic views corresponding to Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, and illustrate the results produced by the successive steps in the weaving, the chain-warps of the fabric being omitted from Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and '9 for the sake of clearness; and Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view of a section of the fabric constructed according to this invention.

In the manufacture of Brussels and Wilton carpets or similar fabrics the face of the fabric is formed by calling up or selecting desired ones from among a number of differently-colored figuring-warps. In this class of fabrics widely-varied designs may be shown on the faces of the fabrics; but the backs of fabrics of this kind have heretofore been left entirely plain or have had simply such accidental variations as have resulted from the indiscriminate showing of the bunches of variouslycolored figuring-warps-that is to say, at the back of ordinary Brussels or Wilton carpets as they have heretofore been manufactured in addition to the cotton chain-warps and cotton filling-warps the figuring-warps will b be shown, but will not appear in any particular sequence. For example, when a two color design is being produced in a six-frame carpet (and this kind frequently happens in manufacturing carpets) the required colors of figuring-warps Will be employed in two of the frames, while the warps for the remaining frames can be supplied with any worsted which happens to be on hand without regard of its color, as such additional warps will not be shown on the face of the fabric. The warps which are thus put in to run with those figuringwarps which are displayed on the surface of the fabric are, however, ordinarily exposed at the back of the carpet, and it results from this that backs of Brussels and Wilton carpets are extremely unattractive, while in weaving carpets which are identical in design and coloring there is no certainty that different pieces will have the same appearance at the back. Furthermore, in manufacturin carpets or other fabrics of this class, especia ly in manufacturing Wilton or other out pile fabrics, it is extremely desirable that the piles should be tied in place as firmly as possible, the life of fabrics of this class depending to a considerable extent on the secureness with which the surface threads are tied into the chain or body of the fabric.

The especial object of my present invention is to provide a further carrying out of the invention covered in my aforesaid application for patent by embodying the same in a three-shot pile fabric. In this three-shot pile fabric, as in the two-shot pile fabric claimed specifically in my aforesald application for Letters Patent, each of the figuringwarps after it has been called up to form part of the surface or pile of the fabric is then carried through to the back of the fabric and there shown separate from the other figuring-warps before it is again associated therewith. In manufacturing this three shot fabric the same method of weaving, considered broadly, is employed as in producing the two-shot fabric of my aforesaid applicationthat is to say, each figuring-warp after it has been called up is thereafter dropped down into the lower shed, while the remainder of the figuring-warps are still held in the l upper shed. The parts employed in producing this fabric may also be substantially the same as those employed for producing said two-shot fabric, except that the chain-warps are shifted and the shuttle thrown across three times for each line of piles which is drawn up and woven in over a wire.

In a fabric woven according to my invention the filling-threads are all arranged in a single weft planethat is to say, a fabric constructed according to my invention is a single-ply fabric as distinguished from that class of fabrics in which a number of layers or plies are sewed together by the warpthreads which are carried down through the same.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and in detail, the fabric F (shown in Fig. 1) has a pattern appearing on its face, while said pattern is also reproduced at its back, although not appearing as clearly as on the face of the fabric on account of the chain and cotton filling-threads also showing.

In Figs. 2 to 5', inclusive, designates the figuring-warps, in the present instance five figuring-warps being illustrated to produce a five-frame fabric, although in weaving fabrics according to my invention a greater or less number of frames may be employed, if desired. Running. with the figuring-warps, as is usual in fabrics of this class, are the chain warps 11 and 12. The chain-warps 11 and 12 are controlled by the ordinary harness-frames and the figuring-warps are controlled from lingoes the strings of which extend up to the jacquard or other selecting mechanism andare provided with knots 13, which are normally above the lifter-board 14 and are adapted to be picked up thereby.

When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the shuttle is thrown over the wire to lay a weft-thread over the warps, as shown in Fig. 6. The chain-warps are then shifted and the shuttle is thrown back, laying a second weft-thread over the figuring-warps, as shown in Fig. 7. The jacquard mechanism then selects the desired figuring-warp, raising it high enough to open a second shed B, and at the same time the lifter-board 14 raises the remainder of the figuring-warps above the shed A. As shown in Fig. 8, a wire W is then inserted below the warp P, and, as shown in Fig. 5, the figuring-warp P is then dropped down below the shed A, the chain-warps are shifted, and the shuttle is again passed through the shed A to place the weft-thread below the bunch of figuring-warps, but above the figuring-warp P, which has just been carried up over the wire W.

I have provided a special construction of lifter-board which is adapted to permit the knots 13 to pass down through the same, and I have provided special devices operating in the remainder of the figuring-warps.

connection therewith for again causing the that the chain-warps are shifted between each pick, so that the parts return to the position shown in Fig. 2 after weaving in every other pile.

In the complete fabric it will be seen that each figuring-warp after it is selected or called up, so as to be shown in the pile or surface, is then carried down through the fabric to appear at the back separate froIm n practice this substantially reproduces the pattern on the back of the fabric, while inasmuch as each figuring-warp after it has been selected is carried through to the back of the fabric one side of each pile will be thus securely tied in, while the opposite side of each pile will be tied in by two weft-threads, so that the piles are even more securely fastened than in the two-shot fabric claimed specifically in my companion application for patent before referred to.

In weaving multiple ply fabrics I am aware that it has already been proposed to have the same patterns show at the backs of the fabrics as on the faces thereof. My invention, however, is distinguished from such multiple-ply fabrics, as by means of my invention a fabric is produced which may have substantially all the characteristics of ordinary carpeting, except that the pattern is reproduced in the back.

I am aware that numerous changes may be made in practicing my invention by those who are skilled in the art without departing from the scope thereof as expressed in the claims. I do not wish, therefore, to be limited to the particular construction I have herein shown and described; but

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. As an article of manufacture, a singleply three-shot pile fabric, having its weftthreads arranged in a single plane and having a number of figuring-warps, each of which, after having been called, is carried through the back of the fabric and there shown separate from the other figuring-warps before being again associated therewith.

2. As an article of manufacture, a singleply three-shot pile fabric, having its fillingthreads arranged in a single plane and having a number of figuring-warps, the unselected ones of which pass alternately under two filling-threads and then over one filling-thread, my hand in the presence of two subscribing wllllile1 each figuflinlgl-warfi, after hfiwifig Fegn witnesses. ca e is carrie t roug tothe etc 0 t e fabric and there shown separate from the MATTHEW WHITTALL' 5 rest of the figuring-warps before being again Witnesses:

associated therewith. PHILIP W. SOUTHGATE,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set JOHN F. OROWELL. 

